Key Features

• Communication systems enable the transfer of information from a sender to a receiver.
• A basic system has three parts: transmitter, channel, and receiver.
• The transmitter encodes and modulates the message into a suitable signal.
• The channel is the medium (like air, cables, or optical fiber) that carries the signal.
  The receiver demodulates and decodes the signal to recover the original message.
  Analog communication uses continuous signals (e.g., AM, FM).
  Digital communication uses discrete signals (bits), which are more reliable and secure.
  Noise is unwanted disturbance that affects signal quality, and systems use filters/error correction to reduce it.